There is / are, much / many, connectors
You can say what exists with there is/are, ask about quantity, and link ideas simply.
Start the 8-question quizAdapts to your answers · every miss links back to the rule
Rule in 60 secondsThe one pattern to memorise.
- Kural 1: Varlık: tekil → there is, çoğul → there are. Geçmişi: there was/were.
- Kural 2: Soru:
Is there...?/Are there...?Olumsuz: there isn't / there aren't.
- Kural 3: Sayılabilen çoğulla many / How many; sayılamayanla much / How much.
- Kural 4: Olumluda much/many yerine genelde a lot of (lots of).
- Kural 5: Bağlaçlar: and (ekleme), but (zıtlık), or (seçim), so (sonuç), because (sebep).
- Kural 6: because + cümle, because of + isim: ...because it rains / ...because of the rain.
- Kural 7: so ile sonuç, because ile sebep başa da gelebilir: Because it rains, stay in.
- Kural 8: or soruda seçenek sunar:
Tea or coffee?
- Kural 9: but cümle ortasında virgülle:
She is tired, but she is happy.
- Kural 10: and listede son öğeden önce: apples, bananas and grapes.
- Kural 11: so + sıfat kalıbı:
so tired,so late— sonuç cümlesi gelir.
FormsHow it looks in sentences.
| Form | Pattern | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| + Singular | There is + a/an + singular | There is a bank here. |
| + Plural | There are + number/some + plural | There are two banks here. |
| − Negative | There isn't / aren't | There isn't any milk. / There aren't any eggs. |
| ? Question | Is/Are there ...? | Is there a toilet? / Are there any shops? |
| How much | How much + uncountable? | How much money have you got? |
| How many | How many + countable plural? | How many brothers have you got? |
| some / any | some (+), any (−/?) | I have some friends. / I don't have any. |
| a lot of | + both (mostly +) | She has a lot of books. |
| and / but / or | clause + conj + clause | I like tea and coffee. / Small but clean. |
| so / because | reason-result links | It rains, so stay in. / Stay in because it rains. |
- Not 1: some rica/teklifte soruda da olur: Would you like some tea?
- Not 2: any + tekil sayılamayan ya da çoğul sayılabilenle kullanılır.
3 classic trapsWhere Turkish speakers slip.
Bu bölümdeki 3 tuzağa tek bakışta dikkat et.
- is/are seçimi there'den SONRAKİ isme göre: ✗ There is many people. → ✓ There are many people; ✗ There are a book. → ✓ There is a book — Bakılacak yer there değil, arkadaki isimdir.
- much/many ayrımı: ✗ How much brothers? → ✓ How many brothers; ✗ How many money? → ✓ How much money — Test: çoğul yapabiliyorsan many, yapamıyorsan much.
- because + cümle, because of + isim: ✗ I stayed because the rain. → ✓ I stayed because of the rain; ✗ I stayed because of it rains. → ✓ I stayed because it rains — because'dan sonra özne + fiil şarttır.
10 example sentencesRead aloud, twice.
Her cümleyi sesli oku, önce İngilizceyi sonra Türkçesini söyle.
- There is a cat in the garden. — Bahçede bir kedi var.
- There are many shops here. — Burada çok dükkân var.
- There isn't any coffee. — Hiç kahve yok.
- Are there any questions? — Soru var mı?
- How many students are there? — Kaç öğrenci var?
- How much sugar do you want? — Ne kadar şeker istersin?
- I like tea and my wife likes coffee. — Çayı severim ve eşim kahve sever.
- It is small but comfortable. — Küçük ama rahat.
- It is raining, so take an umbrella. — Yağmur yağıyor, o yüzden şemsiye al.
- She stayed at home because she was ill. — Hasta olduğu için evde kaldı.
Quick checkCover the answers, say yours first.
- Fill in: ___ (There is / There are) a lot of people here.
Answer
<b>There are</b> a lot of people here. (people çoğul)
- Choose: How (much / many) water do you drink?
Answer
How <b>much</b> water do you drink? (water sayılamaz)
- Correct: I stayed home because of it was cold.
Answer
I stayed home <b>because</b> it was cold. (cümle → because)