B1-07 · B1 Threshold · 07 / 12

Reported Speech

  • Not: Report statements, questions, and commands with correct backshift.
  • Not: Choose say vs tell correctly and shift time expressions.
  • TR: Baskasinin sozunu aktarmak (dedi ki, sordu, emretti).
Start the 8-question quizAdapts to your answers · every miss links back to the rule

Rule in 60 secondsThe one pattern to memorise.

  • Not: Reporting verb in past → shift tenses one step back (present → past, past → past perfect).
  • Not: Questions lose question word order; commands become to-infinitive.
  • TR: Aktarma fiili past ise zaman bir adim geriye kayar.

FormsHow it looks in sentences.

DirectReported
"I am tired."He said (that) he was tired.
"We saw it."They said they had seen it.
"I will call."She said she would call.
"Can you help?"He asked me to help. / He asked if I could help.
"Open the door."She told me to open the door.
"Don't be late."He told us not to be late.
  • say + (no person): He said he was busy. tell + person: He told me he was busy.
  • TR: tell'den sonra mutlaka kisi gelir (told me/him/us).
  • Yes/no questions: asked if/whether + statement order ("He asked if I was ready").
  • Wh-questions keep the wh-word: "She asked where I lived."
  • Time shifts: today → that day, yesterday → the day before, tomorrow → the next day, now → then.
  • Örnek: STATEMENT: "I LIVE here." → He said he LIVED there.
  • Örnek: QUESTION: "WHERE do you LIVE?" → She asked where I LIVED.
  • Örnek: COMMAND: "SIT down." → He told me TO SIT down.

3 classic trapsWhere Turkish speakers slip.

  • Tuzak 1 — Keeping question word order in reported questions:She asked where did I live. → ✅ She asked where I lived.
  • TR: Aktarilan soruda duz cumle dizilimi kullan.
  • Tuzak 2 — Tell without a person:He told that he was ill. → ✅ He said that he was ill. / He told me that he was ill.
  • TR: told + kisi, said + kisi yok.
  • Tuzak 3 — Forgetting backshift after past reporting verb:She said she is ready. (she spoke yesterday) → ✅ She said she was ready.
  • TR: Aktarma gecmiste ise zamani geriye kaydir.

10 example sentencesRead aloud, twice.

  • He said he was tired. — Yorgun oldugunu soyledi.
  • She told me she would call later. — Bana sonra arayacagini soyledi.
  • They said they had finished the project. — Projeyi bitirdiklerini soylediler.
  • She asked me where I lived. — Nerede yasadigimi sordu.
  • He asked if I needed help. — Yardima ihtiyacim olup olmadigini sordu.
  • The teacher told us to open our books. — Ogretmen kitaplarimizi acmamizi soyledi.
  • She told him not to be late. — Gec kalmamasini soyledi.
  • He said he had seen the film before. — Filmi daha once izledigini soyledi.
  • They asked what time the train left. — Trenin saat kacta kalktigini sordular.
  • My mum said I had to tidy my room. — Annem odami toplamam gerektigini soyledi.

Quick checkCover the answers, say yours first.

  • Soru 1: "I am busy." → He said he ___ busy. → was.
  • Soru 2: Fix: "He told that he was ill." → He said... / He told me...
  • Soru 3: "Where do you live?" → She asked where I ___. → lived.
  • Soru 4: "Close the door." → He told me ___ close the door. → to.
  • Soru 5: "Don't shout." → She told us ___ shout. → not to.
  • Soru 6: "Are you ready?" → He asked ___ I was ready. → if.
  • Soru 7: "I saw it yesterday." → She said she had seen it ___ . → the day before.
  • Soru 8: say or tell? "She ___ me the truth." → told.

SourcesKeep reading.