Grammar Sprint0XP
A1-01 · A1 Breakthrough · 01 / 12

Verb To Be (am / is / are)

You can introduce yourself and describe people and things with am / is / are.

Start the 8-question quizAdapts to your answers · every miss links back to the rule

Rule in 60 secondsThe one pattern to memorise.

Özneye göre am / is / are seç: I → am, he/she/it → is, you/we/they → are. Olumsuzda fiilden sonra not gelir: She is not tired. Soruda be fiili başa alınır: Is she happy? Kısa cevaplar: Yes, I am. / No, she isn't. Türkçedeki "-yım / -dir" eki İngilizcede ayrı bir kelimedir, atlanamaz. Kısaltmalar konuşmada çok yaygındır: I'm, he's, aren't, isn't. Yaş, meslek, milliyet, duygu ve yer bildirirken hep be kullan. Soru kelimesiyle de sıra aynıdır: Where are you from? not kısaltması be'ye yapışır: is + not = isn't, are + not = aren't. Am için kısaltılmış olumsuz yoktur: I'm not tek doğru formdur.

FormsHow it looks in sentences.

FormPatternExamples
+ PositiveI + am + adj/nounI am tired. / I am a student.
+ Positivehe/she/it + is + adj/nounShe is a nurse. / It is cold.
+ Positiveyou/we/they + are + adj/nounThey are ready. / We are friends.
+ PositivecontractionsI'm hungry. / He's late. / They're here.
− NegativeS + am/is/are + notI am not hungry. / He is not busy.
− NegativecontractionsShe isn't ready. / We aren't late.
? QuestionAm/Is/Are + S ...?Are you OK? / Is he at home?
? Wh-questionWh + am/is/are + S?Where are you from? / How old is she?
Short answer +Yes, S + am/is/are.Yes, I am. / Yes, she is.
Short answer −No, S + 'm not/isn't/aren't.No, I'm not. / No, they aren't.

Yaş söylerken: I am 20 (years old). — have kullanılmaz. Meslek söylerken: She is a doctor. — a/an gerekir. Milliyet: They are Turkish. — büyük harf, -s takısı yok.

3 classic trapsWhere Turkish speakers slip.

  1. "I am 20 years old" ≠ "I have 20" — TR "yaşım var" kalıbı İngilizcede am ister.
  • ✗ I have 20 years old. → ✓ I am 20 (years old).
  • Neden? İngilizcede yaş bir "sahiplik" değil bir "durum"dur.
  • Aynı mantık açlık/yorgunluk için de geçerli: I am hungry.
  1. "He is" kısaltılamaz ya da düşürülemez — özne + be'yi atma.
  • ✗ He teacher. → ✓ He is a teacher.
  • ✗ They happy. → ✓ They are happy.
  • Her İngilizce cümlede yüklem olmak zorundadır.
  1. Soru sırası — soruda be fiili öznenin önüne gelir.
  • ✗ You are ready? (yazıda) → ✓ Are you ready?
  • ✗ Where you are from? → ✓ Where are you from?
  • Konuşmada tonlama yetse de yazıda devrik sıra şarttır.

10 example sentencesRead aloud, twice.

  1. I am from Ankara. — Ankaralıyım.
  2. She is my best friend. — O benim en iyi arkadaşım.
  3. They are at school now. — Onlar şu an okuldalar.
  4. It is very hot today. — Bugün hava çok sıcak.
  5. We aren't tired. — Yorgun değiliz.
  6. He isn't a doctor, he is a driver. — O doktor değil, şoför.
  7. Are you hungry? — Aç mısın?
  8. Is your brother at home? — Erkek kardeşin evde mi?
  9. Yes, I am. / No, I'm not. — Evet, öyleyim. / Hayır, değilim.
  10. The keys are on the table. — Anahtarlar masanın üstünde.

Quick checkCover the answers, say yours first.

  1. Fill in: She ___ a student. (is / are / am)
Answer

is — She <b>is</b> a student.

  1. Make negative: They are busy.
Answer

They <b>aren't</b> busy. (They are not busy.)

  1. Make a question: You are ready.
Answer

<b>Are</b> you ready?

SourcesKeep reading.